14 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
- Compatible syndrome ... + MRI lesions + ... : • Multiple Sclerosis ... #Brain #differential ... #radiology #neurology
McDonald Criteria for Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis
 • 2 or more attacks, 2 or more lesions
McDonald Criteria for Diagnosis ... of Multiple Sclerosis ... in space in the brain ... #Multiple #Sclerosis ... #MS #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... nervous system: Brain ... • Infectious: Brain ... EMG) studies • MRI ... #neurology
Causes of Hemiplegia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cerebral Hemisphere (Contralateral motor cortex)
 • Aphasia
 • Apraxia
 •
Algorithm Cerebral ... sensory loss Brain ... Unilateral Spinal Cord Lesions ... Brown-Sequard Syndrome ... #Hemiplegia #Neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... demyelinating lesions ... resonance imaging [MRI ... ] T2 lesions) McDonald ... #neurology #treatment
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
affecting the Brain ... important, as early diagnosis ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... lesions and clinical ... #neurology #noninflammatory
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
Algorithm Red ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... Space-occupying brain ... lesion • CNS ... #Algorithm #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... : - Multiple sclerosis ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... #neurology #differential ... #algorithm
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
ruled out • Brain ... brain and/or optic ... of multiple sclerosis ... : - Multiple sclerosis ... #management #neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
similar to PML, but MRI ... well-defined than PML lesions ... Diagnosis: MRI ... The clinical syndrome ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology