10 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... #Nephrology #Causes
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... • Normal or low ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... diarrhea Potential Complications ... #pathophysiology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Differential # ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypomagnesemia • Barrter's/Gitelman's ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
life threatening complications ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #differential # ... #low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... • Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the excretion of sodium ... #nephrology #differential
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... #Nephrology #Causes
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #differential # ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Algorithm Isotonic ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome ... #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low