13 results
Kussmaul's Sign on Physical Exam

What’s the diagnosis?
Severe biventeicular failure with + Kussmaul sign! NICM. No constriction!

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Kussmaul's Sign ... biventeicular failure ... sign! ... and other rarer causes ... #Sign #physicalexam
Kussmaul's #sign is the paradoxical increase or failure to fall of mean #JVP with inspiration. Commonest
Kussmaul's #sign ... paradoxical increase or failure ... Commonest cause ... severe right heart failure ... #Kussmauls #PhysicalExam
Kussmaul's sign in Constrictive Pericarditis 

A 50-year-old woman with a remote history of mediastinal lymphoma (age
Kussmaul's sign ... Kussmaul's sign ... Causes = RV failure ... pericarditis (this case ... #Sign #PhysicalExam
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Traumatic brain injury ... Uremia, Liver failure ... #Causes #neurology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
with previously stable ... hypertension and signs ... papilledema, heart failure ... or acute kidney injury ... renal bruit or signs
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
Kussmaul breathing ... heart failure, ... punctuated by frequent sighs ... Occasional sighs ... Abnormal #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs ... embolism +++, Heart failure ... embolism +, Heart failure ... in up to 30% of cases ... Marantic #diagnosis #table
Approach to Possible Hypertensive Emergency

criteria required to diagnose hypertensive emergency
(1) Severe hypertension
 - Usually a MAP
mm is needed to cause ... - Acute kidney injury ... chronic renal failure ... Emergency #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #CriticalCare #
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... perfusion (Heart failure ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
Decompensated Heart Failure ... the determined cause ... #differential #algorithm ... cardiology #treatment #table ... heartfailure #chf #criticalcare