10 results
Perilunate Dislocation
On lateral wrist XR, the capitate ("apple") should sit in the lunate ("tea cup") which
fracture, median nerve ... injury • ED ... Management: Pain ... XRay #Diagnosis #Management ... #Orthopedics #Sports
Posterior Elbow Dislocation
The elbow is the second most commonly dislocated major joint in adults and the
anterior interosseous nerve ... can't make A-OK sign ... ), ligamentous injury ... dislocation + radial ... #Orthopedics #Sports
Scapholunate Dissociation
The spacing between all carpal bones should be 1-2 mm, look for the "Terry Thomas"
"Terry Thomas" sign ... • Due to injury ... ("Terry Thomas sign ... injuries: distal radius ... #Orthopedics #Sports
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
inner retinal nerve ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Supracondylar Elbow Fracture
• Most common elbow fracture in children, peak age 5-7 
• When looking at
anterior sail sign ... capitellum (age 1), radial ... anterior interosseous nerve ... can't make A-OK sign ... brachial artery injury
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Miosis Secondary ... Traumatic brain injury ... meningeal irritation signs ... the trigeminal nerve ... differential #diagnosis #ophthalmology
Secondary Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Open-Angle Secondary Glaucoma:
 • Pre-trabecular defect -> Aqueous outflow is obstructed
ganglion cell injury ... damage to optic nerve ... factors, oxidative injury ... #Glaucoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Compartment Syndrome Pearls
A vicious cycle of increased pressure within a facial compartment leading to compression of
Pathophysiology: ... rest are late signs ... to muscles and nerves ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management ... #pathophysiology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... Presentation: Injury ... • Bilateral signs ... brain and/or optic nerve ... Myelitis #diagnosis #management
Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Risk factors -> Incr IOP, Incr age, African-American
ganglion cell injury ... factors, oxidative injury ... central vision #Secondary ... OpenAngle #Glaucoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology