11 results
RADIAL HEAD FRACTURE 
Radial head fractures are the most common elbow fracture in adults and are
x-ray review alignment ... anterior sail sign ... injuries: Ligamentous injury ... radioulnar joint injury ... #Radiology #XRay
Supracondylar Elbow Fracture
• Most common elbow fracture in children, peak age 5-7 
• When looking at
anterior sail sign ... capitellum (age 1), radial ... anterior interosseous nerve ... brachial artery injury ... Humerus #Radiology #XRay
Posterior Elbow Dislocation
The elbow is the second most commonly dislocated major joint in adults and the
anterior interosseous nerve ... can't make A-OK sign ... ), ligamentous injury ... dislocation + radial ... Posterior #Radiology #XRay
Pediatric Elbow Injuries - Elbow Xrays

Check the fat pads on the lateral projection:
1. A displaced anterior
Pediatric Elbow ... Xrays Check ... fat pad (sail sign ... a significant injury ... #Injuries #Xrays
Monteggia Fracture 
Fracture of proximal ulnar shaft with radial head dislocation. Remember “MUGR” to recall where
ulnar shaft with radial ... Exam: swollen elbow ... posterior interosseous nerve ... syndrome, ligamentous injury ... Ulnar #Radiology #XRay
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCY: Early detection is essential, but most patients
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma ... leads to optic nerve ... damage & blindness Signs ... #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Pathogenesis and Joint diseases features
 • RA affects 1% of population, women >
Stimulation of nerve ... Swelling notable on Xray ... drift of fingers, radial ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
Traumatic brain injury ... meningeal irritation signs ... angle-closure glaucoma ... the trigeminal nerve ... differential #diagnosis #ophthalmology
Secondary Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Open-Angle Secondary Glaucoma:
 • Pre-trabecular defect -> Aqueous outflow is obstructed
ganglion cell injury ... damage to optic nerve ... factors, oxidative injury ... #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Risk factors -> Incr IOP, Incr age, African-American
Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma ... ganglion cell injury ... factors, oxidative injury ... #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology