11 results
Eosinophils (Eos) and hypereosinophilia (HE)
Caused by eosinophilopoietic cytokines
Common causes:
 - Drug reaction
 - Helminth infection
 -
CD3-CD4+ T cells ... Viral infections (HIV ... , HTLVI) - Chronic ... malignancy - Immune ... #Differential #Diagnosis
T-LGL leukemia - T-CeIl Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia
Clinical
 - Persistent (>6mo) lymphocytosis (2-20k) with proven clonality
Large Granular Lymphocytic ... Secondary to sustained immune ... of autoimmune disease ... version DDx: - chronic ... hemepath #pathology #diagnosis
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... • Combination antiretroviral ... required until immune ... Demyelinating disease
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
Immune Reconstitution ... worsening of that disease ... after initiating antiretroviral ... a decrease in HIV ... pericarditis, peritoneal disease
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
Chronic Lymphocytic ... rendering the immune ... cells can indicate disease ... surface molecules: CD5 ... #diagnosis #workup
Acute Retroviral Syndrome
Acute Retroviral Syndrome is the symptomatic presentation of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection

 •
Presentations: • Opportunistic ... in which case opportunistic ... • Leukocyte-lymphocyte ... Photophobia • Lymphocytic ... disease progression
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
Autoimmunity • Chronic ... Granulomatous lymphocytic ... (specifically immune ... Malignancies • Chronic ... Epstein-Barr syndrome, HIV
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Vasculitis Differential Diagnosis ... elevated protein, lymphocytic ... Eosinophilia, asthma, chronic ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
HIV is a double stranded RNA retrovirus (retro refers to reverse transcriptase).
It binds
It binds to CD4 ... receptors on T-lymphocytes ... host DNA The disease ... replicates the immune ... #Diagnosis #signs
IDSA Recommendations for Preventing and Managing Microsporidiosis in HIV-AIDS
Preventing Chronic Microsporidiosis:
 • Because chronic microsporidiosis occurs
Microsporidiosis in HIV-AIDS ... Preventing Chronic ... should prevent the disease ... optimize ART with immune ... Treatment #management #opportunistic