17 results
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
requires special media ... but important causes ... factors: - Serology ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... special stains (e.g
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... lyme • Altered mental ... • Meningeal signs ... lesion • CNS infection ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
with previously stable ... hypertension and signs ... heart failure, neurologic ... renal bruit or signs ... Neurologic disorders
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis: • Infection ... the underlying cause ... with AEDs until cause
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
Differentiating NBTE from Infective ... pathognomonic signs ... : Serial negative ... in up to 30% of cases ... Marantic #diagnosis #table
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes ... , r/o infection ... recent DAN) • EMG ... Goodpasture's cause ... blood retum in serial
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
Emergent Causes ... of sinus or ear infection ... parasitic or fungal infection ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... headache #redflags #signs
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... symptoms are not caused ... of diagnosis (e.g ... Self-limiting, chronic but stable ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... response preceding infection ... Electrodiagnostic studies - EMG ... management #treatment #neurology
Myasthenia Gravis Overview

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction.  Ab to
Serologic and EMG ... test - Cogan sign ... - Peek sign ... precipitated by: Drugs, infection ... diagnosis #management #neurology