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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Summary

GERD: Diagnosis
• Heartburn (substernal burning sensation) and acid regurgitation
• Chest pain
Extraesophageal
Reflux Disease (GERD ... ) - Summary GERD ... chronic cough GERD ... • Refractory GERD ... foods: caffeine, spicy
EKG Interpretation Cheat Sheet
1) Rate 
 - Regular - Count-Off 
 - Irregular - Count number
• Inverted P Waves ... interval < 120 ms ... interval ≥ 120 ms ... : > 40 ms ... Amy Chung, MD, MSc
Scaphoid Fractures
The scaphoid is the most commonly fractured carpal bone. Remember, if a fracture is suspected
home in a thumb spica ... Splint: Thumb spica ... Orthopedics #Sports #MSK
STEMI Equivalents on ECG
 • Conventional STEMI - Elevation of ST segment at (or 40-60 ms
segment at (or 40-60 ms ... symmetrical T-waves ... • Hyperacute T wave ... the preceding S-wave ... ST-segment (T wave
Scapholunate Dissociation
The spacing between all carpal bones should be 1-2 mm, look for the "Terry Thomas"
Splint: Thumb spica ... Orthopedics #Sports #MSK
Positive J-Sign - Maltracking Patella on Knee Physical Exam

The J sign correlates with poor patellar tracking
The patella takes ... clinical #video #msk
Thyroid Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypothyroidism:
 • Hasimoto’s
 • Radioactive Iodine 
 • Hypopituitarism
 • Iodine
Hyperthyroidism: • Graves ... Amy Chung, MD, MSc
ROLANDO FRACTURE 
Rolando fracture is an intraarticular three-part fracture of the base of the first metacarpal
Splint: Thumb spica ... #Orthopedics #MSK
BENNETT FRACTURE 
Bennett fracture is an intraarticular two-part fracture of the ulnar side of the base
Splint: Thumb spica ... #Orthopedics #MSK
Algorithm for Acute ED Management of Excited Delirium 

Pearls for Appropriate Restraint:
- 1 person for each
with oxygen as a spit ... mask to ensure