15 results
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)

Average arterial pressure throughout one cardiac cycle, systole, and diastole. 
Surrogate indicator of
Stroke Volume (SV ... affected by the chronotropy ... afterload #Heartrate #chronotropy ... cardiacoutput #Co #SV
Calcium Channel Blockers - Dihydropyridines vs Non-Dihydropyridines
Dihydropyridines (amlodipine, felodipine, nifedipine, nicardipine)
 • SVR: Decrease
 • Inotropy:
: No effect • Chronotropy ... Inotropy: Decrease • Chronotropy
POCUS - Measuring Cardiac Output
1) Calculate LVOT Area
2) Calculate LVOT VTI
3) Calculate Cardiac Output

SV = (LVOT
Cardiac Output SV ... CO (mL/min) = SV
Clinician's Pocket Guide to Vasopressors - Receptor Profiles and Hemodynamic Parameters
 • Systemic Vascular Resistance -
contractions • Chornotropy
Stroke Volume & Cardiac Output Measurement on POCUS
Accurately measure LVOT diameter:
1. Obtain PLAX 
2. Zoom to
LVOT Diam/2) 2 SV
Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP)

Intra-aortic balloon counter-pulsation is a method of invasive hemodynamic support. A catheter is
stroke volume (SV
Frank-Starling Curve in Congestive Heart Failure

Goal in HF mgmt is to reduce preload (EDV) to reach
to reach higher SV
Recurrent Polymorphic VT/Torsades de Pointes - Management Algorithm
Drugs that prolong QT interval:
 • Class 1a (quinidine,
minutes Increasing chronotropy
Vasopressors and Inotropes - Pharmacology Summary
Vasopressors
Phenylephrine (alpha-1)
 • Increases BP, SVR
 • Risk of reflex bradycardia
not inotropic/chronotropic
Pulse Oximetry Summary
Pulse oximetry is the non-invasive continuous measurement of the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin. It
increase with greater SV