32 results
HINTS Exam - Bidirectional Nystagmus 

In a patient with vertigo symptoms, this finding is worrisome for
Bidirectional Nystagmus ... patient with vertigo symptoms ... worrisome for a CENTRAL ... Bidirectional #Nystagmus ... Positive #Neurology #Central
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO): Pathogenesis and clinical findings

#CentralRetinalVein #Occlusion #CRVO #pathophysiology #ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Central Retinal ... Occlusion #CRVO #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
vomiting, auditory symptoms ... unidirectonal nystagmus ... Bone Fracture Central ... Imbalance, neurologic symptoms ... bidirectional nystagmus
Diagnostic Algorithm for Dizziness and Vertigo
Peripheral Vertigo:
 • Attacks: Sudden, severe, can last anywhere from seconds
minutes to days • Nystagmus ... may be present Central ... vascular causes • Nystagmus ... No auditory symptoms ... Long symptom-free
Characteristics of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
 • Onset: Sudden
 • Intensity: Severe initially, often decreasing
Peripheral and Central ... vestibular neuritis • Nystagmus ... labyrinthitis) CENTRAL ... circulation TIA • Nystagmus ... findings #signs #symptoms
Algorithm for the diagnostic evaluation of dizziness. (HINTS = head-impulse, nystagmus, test of skew.)
Questions regarding the
head-impulse, nystagmus ... peripheral or central ... peripheral or central ... Timing of the symptom ... that provoke the symptom
Complications of Measles: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • ADEM -> Fever, headache, neck stiffness, BBD, mental
stiffness, BBD, mental ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms ... #pathophysiology
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... diabetes Key signs/symptoms ... weeks), altered mental
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
• Changes in mental ... ophthalmoplegia and nystagmus ... treatment can improve symptoms
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
disc herniation (central ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... Syndrome #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms