11 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis ... metabolic alkalosis ... - Normal/low blood ... use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Cl intake, Diuretics ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... Syndrome Volume ... GRA, Cushing's syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Cl intake, Diuretics ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... Syndrome Volume ... GRA, Cushing's syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... /low blood pressure ... use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Severe Cushing syndrome ... Congenital AME syndrome ... syndrome (defective ... calcium) alkali syndrome
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Cl intake, Diuretics ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... Syndrome Euvolemic ... GRA, Cushing's syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... syndrome - Mutation ... or low blood pressure ... • Bartter syndrome ... #nephrology #management
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... Hypomagnesemia • Barrter's/Gitelman's ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Elevated ... #Syndrome #Diagnosis ... #Workup #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
↓ Aldosterone: Syndrome ... excess, Liddle's syndrome ... Alkalosis: Emesis ... syndrome, Gitelman ... syndrome -