16 results
Common Etiologies of Cirrhosis

Inflammation

 - Hepatitis B (15 percent)

 - Hepatitis C (47 percent)

 - Schistosomiasis
Etiologies of Cirrhosis ... congenital - Primary biliary ... Nonalcoholic fatty liver ... #Differential #Hepatology ... #Cirrhosis #Causes
Hepatomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Malignant
 • Primary Carcinoma
 • Metastases
 • Lymphoma
 • Leukemia
 • Polycythemia
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Non-Malignant • Fatty Liver ... Cholangitis • Primary Biliary ... Cirrhosis #Hepatomegaly ... #Causes #Hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
Symptoms: Fatigue, Pruritus, Right upper quadrant discomfort
Signs: Jaundice, Xanthelasmata, Hepatomegaly
Associated history:
Primary Biliary ... Cirrhosis - Diagnosis ... Algorithm Symptoms ... Liver biopsy findings ... #Algorithm #hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Elevated Liver Enzymes ... Infiltrative • Cirrhosis ... Duct Stone • Biliary ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology ... #Causes
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
protein ≤ 2.5 g/dL: Cirrhosis ... syndrome, Massive liver ... syndrome SAAG < 1.1: Biliary ... albumin #gradient #hepatology ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Causes of Ascites - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Portal Hypertension - Prehepatic:
 • Portal vein thrombosis
 • Splenic
Causes of Ascites ... - Hepatic: • Cirrhosis ... disease • Acute liver ... failure • Primary biliary ... #Hepatology #causes
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
Post-Hepatic: • Cardiac causes ... sarcoidosis) • Liver ... metastasis • Fatty liver ... pregnancy • Primary biliary ... #hepatology
Causes of Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis
Hepatocellular - Liver Parenchyma
 • Infectious: Hepatitis C, A,
Causes of Acute ... hepatitis, Acute biliary ... Extrahepatic • Biliary ... #Acute #algorithm ... #hepatology
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Highest • Bone • Liver ... Intestine - Other causes ... PSC - Other biliary ... #hepatology
Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm
DILI suspicion
Features toxic aetiology: Skin involvement, Kidney injury,
Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm ... for alternative causes ... Benign/malignant biliary ... obstruction, Primary biliary ... #hepatology