23 results
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Differential Diagnosis ... Autosomal Dominant Calcium ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Endocrinology
Hypercalcemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis Framework
1) Determine whether PTH-dependent
2) Assess for other hormonal causes
3) Assess for
Hypercalcemia Workup ... and Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... #endocrinology ... #calcium
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Hypercalcemia ... histoplasmosis) • Milk (calcium ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #calcium ... #high #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Differential Diagnosis ... Bony Mets - Calcium ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism 
 • Possible Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Granulomatous Disorders (eg ... #Differential # ... #Causes #endocrinology
Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diet/Lifestyle
 • Fibre
 • Calories
 • Fluid
 • Exercise
 • Psychosocial
Medications
 •
Constipation - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Iron, Aluminum, Calcium ... • Hypercalcemia ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Benign Adrenal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hyperplasia - Often Bilateral
 • Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
 • ACTH
Adrenal Mass - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypertension +/- Hypokalemia ... • Other #AdrenalMass ... #Endocrinology
Malignant Adrenal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Suggestive of Malignancy: Inhomogenous Density, Delay in CT Contrast Washout
Adrenal Mass - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypertension +/- Hypokalemia ... Carcinoma #AdrenalMass ... #Endocrinology
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia ... • Increased EC ... shift of K (Succinylcholine ... #differential # ... diagnosis #pathophysiology
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm
 • IV calcium
 • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt
 • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management ... Algorithm • IV calcium ... potassium and ECG ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... potassium #high #diagnosis