24 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
• Gitelman's syndrome ... • Bartter's syndrome ... Transcellular shift ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Classification
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults
Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach
 •
Management of Hyperkalemia ... mmol/L - Consider cause ... clinical scenario, ECG ... Gluconate IV Shift ... Prevention - Consider cause
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
polyneuropathy (e.g ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... Hyperthyroidism, Serotonin syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypercalcemia - Hypokalemia ... - Hungry bones syndrome ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shifts ... plasma insulin (treatment ... use), Gitelman's syndrome ... #Causes #differential
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... - Compartment syndrome ... Shift of extracellular ... per day until stable ... Diagnosis #Management #causes
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
Differential Diagnosis by Classification ... Medication side effect (e.g ... Subclavian steal syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Classification ... #Table #Causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Shift of extracellular ... per day until stable ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia ... Management #Summary #causes ... #treatment
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... (e.g., hypokalemia ... Treatment is aimed ... Diabetes #Insipidus #Classification