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diagnosis differential hyperkalemia treatment nephrology algorithm high antiarrhythmics classes classification comparison medications rhabdomyolysis binders binding clinical criticalcare digoxin druginduced effects
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Increased Loss - Increased GI Loss - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shift ... which imports K+ ... #potassium #low ... #pathophysiology
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren) • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Increased EC shift ... of K (Succinylcholine ... differential #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology # ... potassium #medications
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma): • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... ); nausea, vomiting ... of aspiration #Potassium ... #medications #pharmacology ... #table #comparison
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology 1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
Digoxin Pharmacology ... and Pathophysiology ... intracellular calcium causes ... - Hyperkalemia ( ... #cardiology
Hyperkalemia Management Algorithm • Treat the cause & optimize hemodynamics and ventilation • Reconsider treatment leadingto
Hyperkalemia Management ... • Treat the cause ... and parenteral potassium ... Intracellular K+ ... Shift 3) K+ Excretion
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• Recent IV potassium ... Intracellular Shift ... Food - Avoid in CRF ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• Recent IV potassium ... Intracellular Shift ... Food - Avoid in CRF ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
and Management ... Na delivery): CHF ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... #Treatment #potassium
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary Trauma: • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury Exertional: •
Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia ... #Summary #causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Framework and Management ... Summary Causes ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium ... #causes #treatment
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