7 results
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
intake, Gl loss, shift ... #algorithm #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... #potassium #differential ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Algorithm Decreased ... isolation) GI loss - Urine ... Transcellular shift ... #Hypokalemia #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Muscle weakness, dizziness ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic ... algorithm for hypokalemia ... Na/Cl > 1.6, low ... correcting serum potassium ... #nephrology