6 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
/low blood pressure ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... Liddle syndrome Low-normal ... • Distal RTA Low-normal ... #nephrology
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
intake, Gl loss, shift ... renal function is normal ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... /Normal Blood Pressure ... #nephrology #low
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
130 mEq/L • Potassium ... transcellular shift ... • Saline Causes ... Decreased GFR, urine ... • Saline May Cause
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Muscle weakness, dizziness ... Metabolic alkalosis • Normal ... or low blood pressure ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology