8 results
Approach to Possible Hypertensive Emergency

criteria required to diagnose hypertensive emergency
(1) Severe hypertension
 - Usually a MAP
Hypertensive emergency ... - Acute kidney injury ... encephalopathy ... visual disturbance, seizure ... #Algorithm #CriticalCare
Outpatient Hypertension Management Algorithm
Monotherapy: 
 • Thiazide/thiazide-like 
 • ACE-I (non-black patients), 
 • ARB
Management Algorithm ... Urgency/Emergency ... • Hypertensive Encephalopathy ... Acute Coronary Syndrome ... • Acute Kidney Injury
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) - Diagnosis
Clinical Features:
 • Altered mental status (Either lethargy, confusion, or
Syndrome (PRES) ... agitation) • Seizures ... Risk Factors: • Hypertensive ... emergency • Preelampsia ... #Neurology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Vascular: Stroke, Hypertension ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Traumatic brain injury ... #Causes #neurology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... fever, myalgia), seizures ... encephalopathy ... #neurology #PHANTOMS
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ... /Hypertensive emergency ... : Treat with AEDs ... Posterior #Reversible #Encephalopathy ... #management #neurology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... disease - Hypertensive ... emergency ... causes: sepsis, meds ... Classification #diagnosis #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Compartment syndrome ... exertion/training - Seizures ... Shift of extracellular ... muscles - HYPOTENSION ... causes #treatment #nephrology