90 results
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Increased Intake
 • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Transcellular Shift ... #Hyperkalemia #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Causes of Hypokalemia ... is ruled out, causes ... (transcellular shift ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #workup #nephrology
Unmeasured Anions Associated with an Elevated Anion Gap and Metabolic Acidosis

#Unmeasured #Anions #Gap #Metabolic #Acidosis #Diagnosis
Acidosis #Diagnosis #Nephrology ... #Table #Differential ... #Causes
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
Redistribution/ Shift ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology #phosphate
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Intracellular Shift ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
intake, Gl loss, shift ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... • IV Fluids Shift ... management #potassium #nephrology
Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults
Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach
 •
mmol/L - Consider cause ... and if treatment ... - 6.4 mmol/L - Treatment ... Gluconate IV Shift ... Prevention - Consider cause
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Deep coma (any cause ... Hyperreflexia #Testing #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Shift of extracellular ... oxidative iniury Treatment ... per day until stable ... Management #Summary #causes ... #treatment