8 results
Shock Classification and Differential Diagnosis
SHOCK
 • MAP <65, SBP <90, drop in SBP > 40
 •
Shock Classification ... and Differential ... malperfusion • Lactate ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Types #criticalcare
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... EABV, High Plasma ... HCO3- • Low Urine ... #potassium #differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
• Normal/low ... to diarrhea, a high ... high in kidney ... of sodium and potassium ... Algorithm #nephrology #differential
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... leukemia Measure Urine ... Transcellular Shift ... Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... • Normal or High
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
Acidosis, Respiratory Alkalosis ... , High Lactate, ... Low Potassium, Low ... Resuscitation 2) Urine
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... urinary losses: • High ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #low
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
130 mEq/L • Potassium ... transcellular shift ... densa receives high ... decreased renal blood flow ... Decreased GFR, urine
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
extracellular shift ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight ... #Hyperkalemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #High ... #Potassium #Classification