15 results
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
liver or kidney disease ... Corticosteroid use • Primary ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Comparison: • Primary ... Symptoms: Commonly no signs ... Bone/joint pain Psychiatric ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
• Primary Sjögren's is a solitary process whereas secondary Sjögren's
other autoimmune diseases ... with systemic diseases ... erythematosus (SLE) Signs ... Sjogrens #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Bipolar Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Disruption of emotional homeostasis
 • Oscillation between mood states
variability in disease ... normal mood - Primary ... #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Psychiatry
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... 65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... failure PBC Signs ... but elevated as disease ... , IgG4 related disease
Causes of Urinary Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 - Transient - Easily reversible cause (DIAPPERS)
- Differential Diagnosis ... Psychological/psychiatric ... Contraction - Signs ... or spinal cord disease ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Bulimia Nervosa: Signs and Symptoms
Associated Psychological / Behavioural Features
 • Feelings of shame, guilt and embarrassment
Bulimia Nervosa: Signs ... erosion and gum disease ... weight Russell's Sign ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #psychiatry
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
of UMN and LMN signs ... (3) primary lateral ... of UMN and LMN signs ... both UMN and LMN signs ... EMG: LMN Signs in
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
• Inflammatory Disease ... • Hematologic Disease ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Hypothyroidism, Primary ... Renal parenchymal disease