9 results
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
(K) & magnesium( ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Alkalosis - Differential ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... (late) • High Urine ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... (late) • High Urine ... #Differential #
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... • Normal/low ... of sodium and potassium ... #Urinary #Chloride ... #nephrology #differential
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... leukemia Measure Urine ... Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... • Normal or Low ... - Normal or Low
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... > 20 meq/L • Primary ... other • Severe potassium ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... (late) • High Urine ... #Differential #
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... Hypercalcemic states, Primary ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
• Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Supplement: • Potassium ... • Magnesium