10 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... /low blood pressure ... of sodium and potassium ... #Urinary #Chloride ... #differential #
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary ... /low blood pressure ... #Alkalosis #Differential ... Algorithm #causes #urinary
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
(K) & magnesium( ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... /Normal Blood Pressure ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... secreting tumor, Primary ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential ... pH Calculate Urinary ... Chloride Intoxication ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic ... #NAGMA #Differential
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... R - Primary aldosteronism ... Hyperplasia • Normal ... Al, Normal R - ... #causes #low #potassium
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Alkalosis: Differential ... > 20 meq/L • Primary ... other • Severe potassium ... #Alkalosis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal ... or low blood pressure ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... • Magnesium
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... Hypercalcemic states, Primary ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
#ICUCard
RENAL
GFR
90-131
mL/min
((140-age)*Wt)/(72*Cr)
Glomerular Filtration Rate (Cockcroft)
CI Cr
90-131
mL/min
(CrU * volume)/CrS
Creatinine Clearance
FENa
0.0-1.0
%
((U/P Na)/(U/P Cr))*100
Fractional Excretion of Na+
Na req
mEq
(125-Na)*0.6*Wt
Required Sodium
FE Urea
Trans Tubular Potassium ... (HCO3d-HCO3m) Metabolic ... HCO3)+8 (+-2)| Metabolic ... -2min Calcium chloride ... : 2 - 4mg/min Magnesium