17 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Diagnosis Algorithm ... anemia) • G-CSF ... • Refeeding syndrome ... vomiting) • Low ... #nephrology #low
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Syndrome of Inappropriate ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... Reduced GFR, AKI/CRF
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Syndrome of Inappropriate ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... Reduced GFR, AKI/CRF
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... ON (UNa < 30): Hypovolemia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #sodium #nephrology
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... metastases, Hungry bone syndrome ... #Workup #Differential ... #nephrology #calcium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... • Euvolemic (Low ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... : • Hypovolemia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome ... Alcohol MH/CCF ... #sodium #low
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Na delivery): CHF ... reabsorption) Workup ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... #potassium #nephrology