38 results
diagnosis nephrology differential causes hypokalemia management hyponatremia hyperkalemia alkalosis metabolic classification endocrinology high hypernatremia pathophysiology pediatrics primary treatment urine workup
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... , Congenital Adrenal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
Treatment Options Stabilize ... Fluids Shift potassium ... 90 minutes) • Sodium ... (if preserved renal ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Refeeding syndrome ... vomiting) • Low ... #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... treated with IV potassium ... , Congenital adrenal ... consumption • Low ... #nephrology #low
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
PRA • ↓ Serum sodium ... • ↑ Serum potassium ... • Weakness • Low-grade ... : - Check sodium ... , potassium, AM
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Uric Acid - Low ... High Uric Acid → renal ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low #uricacid
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... ↑ Aldosterone: Adrenal ... #differential #algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses •
Hypothyroidism, Low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
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