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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
Acute Respiratory ... Distress Syndrome ... Cheat Sheet ... an “objective assessment ... Summary #CheatSheet #Diagnosis
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
(ARDS) - Respiratory ... consistent with pulmonary ... be present on a chest ... lobar collapse, lung ... Definition #Criteria #Diagnosis
Pertinent Chest x-ray Findings in the Trauma Patient and Implications
Respiratory distress without x-ray findings - Central
Implications Respiratory ... distress without ... insertion - Bronchial tear ... chestxray #trauma #diagnosis ... #signs #radiology
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
- Differential Diagnosis ... Etiology: • Acute respiratory ... (ARDS) • Opioid ... Transfusion-related acute lung ... #cardiology
Assessment of Chest Tube Drains
Stepwise assessment of Chest Tube Function
TUBE POSITIONING
 • Look at the CXR:
Assessment of Chest ... injury to the lung ... large injury to lung ... ChestTube #Drains #Diagnosis ... #Assessment #Pulmonary
The Berlin Definition of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

Chest imaging - Bilateral opacities—not fully explained by
(ARDS) Chest ... effusions, lobar/lung ... Need objective assessment ... >= 5cm H2O #Diagnosis ... #CriticalCare #ARDS
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
- Differential Diagnosis ... blood cells in the lung ... • Other common assessment ... failure or ARDS ... infiltrates on chest
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS
Bacterial: 
 • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
organism identified, Strep ... failure, COPD, Lung ... /- High res CT chest ... Urine Histo Ag, Respiratory ... HIVAIDS #workup #diagnosis
Amiodarone Induced Lung Toxicity Summary

Who?
• 5% of patients
• Dose ≥ 400 mg per day

How?  Possible
organizing pneumonia, ARDS ... toxicity (e.g., acute respiratory ... distress syndrome ... Pleuritic chest ... reticular opacities on chest
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
Intraabdominal - Orthopedic ... ACEi/ARBs - Hold ... change CV risk Chest ... unless prior heart/lung ... stratification #diagnosis