51 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
interarticularis stress ... hyperextension test ... (Stork test) ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Rotator Cuff Syndrome - SITS
Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, and Subscapularis.
Causes: Calcific supraspinatus tendinitis 
Signs: painful abduction
Causes: Calcific ... supraspinatus tendinitis Signs ... arm, empty can test ... #orthopedics #diagnosis ... #sports #MSK #anatomy
Froment’s Test for Ulnar Nerve Palsy

This tests for pinch grip weakness caused by ulnar nerve palsy,
Froment’s Test for ... Palsy This tests ... grip weakness caused ... video #neurology #physicalexam ... #orthopedics #sports
Diagnosing Vitamin B12 and/or Folate Deficiency

It turns out that simply measuring serum levels of B12 or
with low B12 stores ... normal tissue stores ... the first line tests ... tissue folate stores ... #Nutrition #Hematology
Allopecia - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Hair Loss

Localized / Focal Hair Loss Pattern:
 • Scarring Alopecia:
- Differential Diagnosis ... Examination: • Signs ... disease • Pull test ... texture at bald spots ... Initial Laboratory Tests
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
three primary pathophysiologic ... causes differentiated ... Complement: Post-strep ... #differential #diagnosis ... #algorithm #rheumatology
Romberg's Test for Proprioception
History: First described in the 19th century in patients with tabes dorsalis (later
Romberg's Test for ... (Romberg's sign ... Observe when patient closes ... #neurology #diagnosis ... proprioception #physicalexam
Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA)
Tests:
 • MCV/RBC - RBC ↓ in proportion to the ↓ in hemoglobin
Anemia (IDA) Tests ... total body iron stores ... #ferritin #Fe #diagnosis ... #hematology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
-> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect

This maneuver of intermittent light stimulus is called the alternating light test or
alternating light test ... It is a clear sign ... very sensitive diagnostic ... regarding the cause ... Pupils #MacrusGunn #PhysicalExam