19 results
Causes of Hypermagnesemia
Increased magnesium load
 - Magnesium-containing laxatives, antacids, or enemas
 - Treatment of pre-edampsia/eclampsia (mothers
Causes of Hypermagnesemia ... Increased magnesium ... neonates) - Diabetic ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Hypermagnesemia #Causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... - Uncontrolled diabetes ... Diagnosis #Low #Magnesium ... Classification #Causes
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... Succinylcholine • Diabetes ... blockers - MCW Nephrology ... MCW_Nephrology #HyperKalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Diagnosis Renal Causes ... hypomagnesemia Renal Causes ... pentamidine), Hypercalcemia ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic ... diagnosis #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology #potassium
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of Diabetes ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... (e.g., hypokalemia ... , hypercalcemia) ... Classification #Types #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation ... potassium(K) & magnesium ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Ketoacidosis: Diabetic ... Hypokalemia ... Hyperkalemia ... Drug-induced hyperkalemia ... #nephrology
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Causes of Chronic ... Proteinuria) • Diabetes ... Hyperoxaluria • Hypercalcemia ... KidneyDisease #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
Causes of Polyuria ... Poorly controlled diabetes ... Diabetes Insipidus ... Hereditary, Lithium, Hypercalcemia ... #nephrology