11 results
diagnosis differential algorithm hypokalemia hyponatremia potassium table chloride classification diuresis diuretics excretion gitelman high hypernatremia hypotonic intercellularshift management medications metabolic
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
• Normal/low ... metabolic acidosis • Diabetic ... the indicated causes ... the excretion of sodium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... consumption • Low ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... 300 mmol/kg • Diabetes ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Excess Intake of Water: • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia") •
Causes of Polyuria ... Diabetes Insipidus ... • Central Dl (Low ... Hereditary, Lithium, Hypercalcemia ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... • Diabetic nephropathy ... • NSAlDs #Hyperkalemia ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... can be high or low ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia l. Pseudohyperkalemia A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... the epithelial sodium ... Diabetes, diabetic ... the epithelial sodium ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... • Normal or low ... Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... (treatment of diabetic ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
• Metabolic alkalosis ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... • Nephrogenic diabetes ... Kidney stones caused ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
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