17 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic ... ketoacidosis • Vomiting ... diagnosis #algorithm #causes
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 
OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY. 

Primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency:
 - Tiredness, weakness, mental depression
hypotension - Nausea ... , vomiting, diarrhea ... Hyperpigmentation - Hyperkalemia ... visual symptoms - Diabetes ... Insufficiency #Signs
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... out of cells may cause ... To prevent hypokalemia ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... , vomiting (Incr
Pediatric Vomiting - Gastrointestinal and Systemic Causes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hepatobiliary:
 • Acute Hepatitis
 • Acute
Pediatric Vomiting ... Gastrointestinal and Systemic Causes ... Pregnancy • Diabetes ... • Uremia • Hypercalcemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Tuberculosis: can cause ... Hypoparathyroidism - Type 1 diabetes ... /vomiting • Fatigue ... Signs: • Orthostasis ... /vomiting • Abdominal
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL
2. Arterial pH <7.3
3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L
4. At least
have new-onset diabetes ... are Euglycemic Diabetic ... with anorexia, vomiting ... Common, early signs ... , vomiting, abdominal
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
enzyme 21-OHase causes ... wasting crisis & hyperkalemia ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... : • Hyperkalemia ... , weight loss, vomiting
Symptoms and Signs of Hypokalemia
Cardiovascular
 - Hypertension
 - Orthostatic hypotension
 - Potentiation of digitalis toxicity
 -
Symptoms and Signs ... of Hypokalemia ... , vomiting - Abdominal ... - Nephrogenic diabetes ... #Symptoms #Signs
Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19
 • Neurologic: Headaches, Dizziness, Encephalopathy, Guillain-Barré, Ageusia, Myalgia, Anosmia, Stroke
 • Renal:
Gastrointestinal: Diarrhea, Nausea ... /vomiting, Abdominal ... Hyperglycemia, Diabetic ... Extrapulmonary #Diagnosis #Signs
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
For pituitary masses ... Signs / Symptoms ... Hyperprolactinemia • Diabetes ... Headaches • Nausea ... and vomiting