10 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic ... ketoacidosis • Vomiting ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... GI Losses - Vomiting ... Diagnosis #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... constipation, diarrhea, nausea ... ); nausea, vomiting ... of aspiration #Potassium ... #pharmacology #table
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 
OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY. 

Primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency:
 - Tiredness, weakness, mental depression
hypotension - Nausea ... , vomiting, diarrhea ... Hyperpigmentation - Hyperkalemia ... nervous system symptoms ... - Diabetes insipidus
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Hypoparathyroidism - Type 1 diabetes ... /vomiting • Fatigue ... sodium • ↑ Serum potassium ... /vomiting • Abdominal ... Check sodium, potassium
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... osmotic diuresis & vomiting ... To prevent hypokalemia ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... , vomiting (Incr
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... : • Triad of symptoms ... urine • Other symptoms ... Monitor potassium ... per day until stable
Symptoms and Signs of Hypokalemia
Cardiovascular
 - Hypertension
 - Orthostatic hypotension
 - Potentiation of digitalis toxicity
 -
Symptoms and Signs ... of Hypokalemia ... , vomiting - Abdominal ... - Nephrogenic diabetes ... #Symptoms #Signs
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
hyperphosphatemia, hypercalcemia ... are not caused ... patients have no symptoms ... history: Self-limiting ... , chronic but stable
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Loss of sodium/Potassium ... Syncope • Signs/Symptoms ... , Vomiting, Diarrhea ... Hypocalcemia - Hyperkalemia ... differential #diagnosis #causes