6 results
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
-> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
- Differential Diagnosis ... processed grains - Chronic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #syndromes #beriberi ... #nutrition #pathophysiology
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
outlet obstruction, chronic ... Pathophysiology: ... KUB or abdominal ultrasound ... also important Management ... #management
C.diff - Clostridioides Difficile Infection (CDI) - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

Clinical Presentation + Progression:
and Management ... Perforation) Pathophysiology ... : Spore ingestion ... → colonic colonization ... #management #treatment
Gastroenterology Endoscopy Tools and Accessories - A Visual Catalog for Trainees and Young Gastroenterologists
Biopsy Forceps:
mucosa Stricture Management ... ESOPHAGEAL/ DUODENAL/COLONIC ... ENTEROSCOPE - Diagnostic ... COLONOSCOPE - Diagnostic ... • ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
85% • < 50% in chronic ... infection) • Chronic ... Inhalation of spores ... Aspergillosis Pathophysiology ... #Management #Infections