326 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Extrarenal hypotonic fluid ... • Hypertonic fluid ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

By Dr. Khudhur Mohammed @khudhur_moh

#Hyponatremia #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #sodium ... #nephrology
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
True Hyponatremia Differential ... examination, check urine sodium ... acid: - Urine sodium ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Interpretation
Appearance - Opening Pressure - Leukocytes - Differential - Glucose - Protein -
Cerebrospinal Fluid ... - Leukocytes - Differential ... Cerebrospinal #Fluid ... Interpretation #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Osmolarity 3) Urine Sodium ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium #low #uricacid
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... briskly to IV fluids ... - Responds to fluid ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Neurological event 2) Sodium ... → treat with fluid ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Table

 • Step 1: Correct for hyperglycemia. Corrected Na = [(glucose - 100)/
Hyponatremia Differential ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Table #nephrology ... #sodium
General approach to AKI - Checklist

Urine electrolytes & FENa - Previously, it was believed that urine
believed that urine sodium ... fractional excretion of sodium ... FENa) could help differentiate ... AcuteKidneyInjury #Nephrology
Fractional Excretion of Sodium - FENa
Fractional Excretion of Sodium (FENa) = (Urine Na+ x Serum Cr)
Fractional Excretion of Sodium ... Fractional Excretion of Sodium ... Fractional #Excretion #Sodium ... #nephrology #calculation