11 results
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
= (urine magnesium ... loss if renal function ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium
Pruritus - Generalized Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Systemic and Primary Causes
== Primary Skin Lesions ==
Macules /
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Causes == Primary ... Mellitus Liver Function ... /uremia TSH & T4 ... #causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
potassium(K) & magnesium ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... ↑ Aldosterone: Primary ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
inhibitors - Primary ... Excessive GI losses ... Diagnosis #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vomiting, NGT suction ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Causes
Pruritus - No Primary Skin Lesion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Glucose:
 • Diabetes Mellitus
Liver Function Tests/Enzymes:
Pruritus - No Primary ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Mellitus Liver Function ... /uremia TSH & T4 ... #causes
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Hypercalcemic states, Primary ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Vomiting • NG suction ... Gittelman's syndrome • Magnesium ... #Hypokalemia #Nephrology ... #Causes
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... water intake (Primary ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Chloride Algorithm ... Vomiting/nasogastric suction ... the indicated causes ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential