24 results
Xeropthalmia: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations

Decr Visual pigment -> Keratinization, thickening & non-wetting of the conjunctiva
mucins with reduced tear ... conjunctiva) • Bitot's spots ... #Xeropthalmia #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
-> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Chronic Vision Loss by Anatomic Location - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cornea:
 • Keratoconus
 • Stromal Scaring
 •
Chronic Vision Loss ... Anatomic Location - Differential ... - Cotton wool spots ... #VisionLoss #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Ophthalmology
Floaters - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
Vitreous Floaters:
• Microscopic collagen fibers within the vitreous that tend to clump
Floaters - Differential ... Patients As: • Black spots ... the vision • Spots ... #Floaters #Differential ... Diagnosis #Ocular #ophthalmology
Diffuse consolidation
The most common cause of diffuse consolidation is pulmonary edema due to heart failure.
This is
cardiogenic edema, to differentiate ... Look for other signs ... heart due to a chronic ... infection, ARDS, near-drowning ... Consolidation #Differential
Hyperopia: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Axial length of eye -> Short axial length of the
length of eye -> Short ... distant vision • Near ... retina -> Blurry near ... #Hyperopia #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... Self-limiting, chronic ... but stable or chronic ... Progression to chronic ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
inguinal ligament (near ... MeralgiaParesthetica #MSK #pathophysiology ... #differential # ... diagnosis #signs
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
findings Acute or Chronic ... inflammation of middle ear ... cavity as middle ear ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
and Headache - Differential ... without aura - Chronic ... meningeal irritation signs ... Photophobia #Headache #differential ... #diagnosis #ophthalmology