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Diagnosis and Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Definition
Presentation
Medical Management
Extraesophageal Symptoms
Long-Term PPI Issues
Diagnosis Algorithm
Refractory GERD
Surgical and Endoscopic
Diagnosis and Management ... Reflux Disease (GERD ... Extraesophageal Symptoms ... #Treatment #Algorithm ... #Gastroenterology
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Summary

GERD: Diagnosis
• Heartburn (substernal burning sensation) and acid regurgitation
• Chest pain
Extraesophageal
Incomplete/relief/treatment ... Nonpharmacologic Treatment ... Treatment - Antireflux ... Disease #diagnosis #management ... #Gastroenterology
Diagnosis and Management of Achalasia - ACG Guidelines

Who to suspect?
 • Patients presenting with progressive dysphagia
Diagnosis and Management ... diagnosed with GERD ... High resolution esophageal ... #Diagnosis #Management ... ACG #Guidelines #gastroenterology
Achalasia Summary

Epidemiology: 10 cases per 100,000 individuals

Defined by inadequate relaxation of the LES and aperistalsis
Primary or
GERD 2. ... dysphagia (<1 year ... Treatment options ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #gastroenterology
Esophageal Necrosis
Etiology:
 - Ischemia and Gastric Outlet Obstruction with GERD may be inciting events
 - Associated
Obstruction with GERD ... melena - Other GI symptoms ... : - Treatment of ... Necrosis #diagnosis #management ... #gastroenterology
Dysphagia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Symptom | Diagnosis
• Solid-food dysphagia present for months to years | Mechanical
Diagnosis Framework Symptom ... disorder such as achalasia ... disorder → EGD Treatment ... Differential #Diagnosis #Management ... #gastroenterology
Gastroenterology Endoscopy Tools and Accessories - A Visual Catalog for Trainees and Young Gastroenterologists
Biopsy Forceps:
Gastroenterology ... perforation or tears ... mucosa Stricture Management ... : • ACHALASIA BALLOON ... for palliative treatment
Evidence for Treatment of Acute Esophageal Variceal Bleeding
 • Octreotide (PMID: 11870374) - Endoscopic banding +
Evidence for Treatment ... of Acute Esophageal ... survival at 1 year ... Bleeding #varices #management ... ebm #evidence #gastroenterology