10 results
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
to Acute Kidney Injury ... (AKI) 1) IS THIS ... 2) HISTORY/PHYSICAL ... cases are caused ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
• Urinary casts ... (AKI) FE Na < ... 1% Urine sodium ... (ATN) FE Na > 2% ... leucocyte-esterase #urine #UNa #casts
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... +K / serum Na >1 ... Cerebral Salt Wasting ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
usually caused by ... vast majority of cases ... 1) Is it hypotonic ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... #sodium
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... + myoglobin AKI ... Cast formation: ... #treatment #nephrology
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
• Prevalence: 1- ... 2 cases per million ... associated with DM-1, ... others (botox, sodium ... #neurology
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
with systemic, neurologic ... Involves large and medium ... the “Chewing gum test ... identifies 85 to 95% of cases ... Treatment of GCA
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
: • 1400 new cases ... • 75-90% of cases ... Presentation: Injury ... varying degrees of: 1. ... Abnormal in 50% of cases
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
, rhabdo/crush injury ... , RTA Type IV, AI ... Cortisol+ACTH stim test ... : • Calcium 2- ... 5-10U reg IV + 1-
Posterior Knee Dislocation Injury
Specifically, POSTERIOR KNEE DISLOCATIONS can have significant associated injury that needs unique approach
DISLOCATION: ~25% cases ... ASSOCIATED INJURIES: 1. ... or serial exams 2. ... (25%) TEST FOR: ... ligament/meniscus testing