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Acid Base Disorders - Formulas for appropriate metabolic and respiratory compensation

- Dr Amith Sreedharan - Consultant
Acid Base Disorders ... and respiratory ... compensation ... #Metabolic #Acidosis ... Winters #Diagnosis #Nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Mnemonics
Why should we switch from MUDPILES to GOLDMARK?
 •
) - Mnemonics Why ... • Metabolic acidosis ... toxins that can cause ... #Metabolic #Acidosis ... #HAGMA #Mnemonic
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
Acid-Base Disorders ... Acidosis (HCO3 ... Acidosis (pCO2 ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Compensation
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Respiratory or Metabolic ... • Respiratory compensation ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis Causes ... chloride, hyperalimentation ... #NonGap #Metabolic ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
poisoning Normal acid-base ... acidosis due to ... the indicated causes ... and potassium acid ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Acidosis (HAGMA ... salicylate toxicity causes ... underexcretion of acids ... Diagnosis #GOLDMARK #mnemonic ... #nephrology
Types of Anion Gap Acidosis - AGAPS KIL U - Mnemonic
Ketoacidosis: Alcoholic Ketoacidosis, Starvation Ketoacidosis, Starvation
AGAPS KIL U - Mnemonic ... From Anaerobic metabolism ... other organic acids ... UnremarkableLab #AnionGap ... #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... reversal of chronic respiratory ... acidosis) • Cystic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology