27 results
Triquetral Fracture
The triquetrum is the second most commonly fractured carpal bone. Look for the "pooping duck
fractured carpal bone ... common carpal bone ... fracture • Complications ... fractures • ED Management ... XRay #Diagnosis #Management
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
Pituitary Mass Effects ... Signs / Symptoms ... / Complications ... #SideEffects #endocrinology ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
Clinical Effects of Large and Small Pituitary Tumours
Local complications - Headache, Visual field defect, Disconnection hyperprolactinaemia,
Large and Small Pituitary ... Tumours Local complications ... infarction/expansion (pituitary ... Tumors #Signs #Symptoms ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
signs, Fragile bones ... easily/weakness, Bone ... pain Psychiatric Symptoms ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis #endocrinology ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
Incr IGF1 • Bone ... lipolysis Signs/Symptoms ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology ... #pituitary
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
production by the pituitary ... Signs/Symptoms: ... Hyperthyroidism #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Negative feedback on hypothalamus/pituitary, Decreasing ACTH -> Decr Sex
on hypothalamus/pituitary ... -> Reduced Bone ... Formation, Increased Bone ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia - 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency - Signs and Symptoms
 • Brain: Androgenization effects, Glucocorticoid effects,
Deficiency - Signs and Symptoms ... • Hypothalamic–Pituitary ... atypia (46,XX) • Bone ... fusion, Decreased bone ... #diagnosis #endocrinology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Weakness, Incr CK • Bone ... Musculoskeletal #Complications ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
tear a portion of bone ... lateral hip Signs/Symptoms ... /Complications: ... msk #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms