12 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Ring-Enhancing Lesions ... Diagnosis- Compatible syndrome ... + MRI lesions + ... #Brain #differential ... causes #radiology #neurology
McDonald Criteria for Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis
 • 2 or more attacks, 2 or more lesions
attacks, 2 or more lesions ... more attacks, 1 lesion ... • 1 attack, 2 lesions ... • 1 attack, 1 lesion ... #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
pulmonary etc) • CNS ... Space occupying lesions ... tumor • Lesions ... Lesions Of The Peripheral ... EMG) studies • MRI
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
CNS: parietal ... encephalitis) • Brain ... lesions (e.g. stroke ... #diagnosis #neurology ... #differential
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
affecting the Brain ... nervous system (CNS ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... lesions and clinical ... #differential #
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
to Headaches - Differential ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... Space-occupying brain ... lesionCNS ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
and infects the CNS ... bilateral white matter lesions ... well-defined than PML lesions ... The clinical syndrome ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
that results in CNS ... compressive cord lesion ... less swollen - Lesion ... nerve lesions suggestive ... #differential
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
ring-enhanced lesion ... Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... contrast enhancement Brain ... ring-enhancement lesion ... Tuberculosis #diagnosis #differential
Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Pachymeningitis is a rare condition that causes areas of a layer
Pachymeningitis - Differential ... spinal cord and brain ... Neurosyphilis • CNS ... sagging syndrome ... Pachymeningitis #HP #Neurology