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differential algorithm metabolic diabeticketoacidosis pathophysiology aniongap diabetes edka endocrinology gitelman hypokalemia insulin ketoacidosis management symptoms syndrome tdd urinary
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Urine Output > 3L /day Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg) • Primary
Polyuria - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Nephrogenic Diabetes ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Urine chloride < 20 mmol/l - Chloride responsive (Chloride
Causes of Metabolic ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine chloride ... depletion): • Vomiting ... use Urine chloride
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min) Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Loss - DDAVP -> Uosm ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Gastrointestinal: Vomiting ... Urine chloride is ... the indicated causes ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Diagnosis ECF ... : vomiting/ nasogastric ... after renal tubule diuretic ... #Causes #nephrology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... out of cells may cause ... renal function/urine ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... Polyphagia • Polyuria
Typical Clinical Features of DKA: - Acetone breath - Tachycardia - Soft Bp
/vomifing - Abdominal ... pain - Polyuria ... #Diagnosis # ... Diabetic #Ketoacidosis ... #Signs
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA: 1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL 2. Arterial pH <7.3 3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L 4. At least
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA ... with anorexia, vomiting ... Common, early signs ... , vomiting, abdominal ... their loss in the urine
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... Surreptitious vomiting ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
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