18 results
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Differential Diagnosis ... without aura - Chronic ... - Autonomic symptoms ... meningeal irritation signs ... the trigeminal nerve
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... pupil with third nerve ... #signs #symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... / Symptoms / Complications ... damage to sacral nerves ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #symptoms #signs
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
inner retinal nerve ... arterioles causes optic nerve ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #complications
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
spinal cord and nerve ... Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... • Usually is a complication ... • Papilledema, headache ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
with the same symptoms ... ) - Previous chronic ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... #redflags #signs ... #emergency #diagnosis
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
Chronic Lymphocytic ... with no early symptoms ... Physical Exam/Signs ... phenomenon CLL Diagnosis ... • Richter’s Syndrome
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
Blast Phase: • Headaches ... develop leukostasis syndrome ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... Transformation: • Complication ... Hematology #Oncology #Diagnosis
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
meningitis), MCC CNS symptoms ... (headache and diplopia ... ) Differential Diagnosis ... Recurrent and chronic ... #signs #symptoms
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
inflammation Symptoms ... • Mounier-Kuhn syndrome ... Nasal polyps and signs ... advanced disease Complications ... parenchyma Diagnosis