16 results
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
although hepatic causes ... ) are the most common ... - Inherited Urea ... of ammonia: - Urease ... deficiency #Ammonia #Pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
white or yellow areas ... fiber layer -> Cotton-wool ... around atrophic areas ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Common Dermatological Conditions - Distribution and Morphology
 • Acne vulgaris - Face, upper back, chest -
eyebrows, perinasal areas ... Erythema with greasy ... - Sun-exposed areas ... with adherent, greasy ... Erythematous macerated areas
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
arterioles -> Cotton-wool ... Hemorrhages • Focal areas ... retinal ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... complications #pathophysiology
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
For pituitary masses ... is the order of least-essential ... For The Adenoma Please ... Headaches • Nausea ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
Uncommon Causes ... , shortness of breath ... - Dyspnea at rest ... • Other common ... infiltrates on chest
Hypotension - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

Hypotension is commonly due to unnecessarily deep anaesthesia, the autonomic
Hypotension is commonly ... Breathing • Check chest ... symmetry, rate, breath ... sinus rhythm, treat ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
Common Variable ... cancers: Most common ... - gastric and breast ... Chest CT: • Ground-glass ... DDX - Other causes
Palpable Skin Crepitus on Physical Exam

Notice these air bubbles under the skin. An 86-year-old woman with
sudden-onset shortness of breath ... and spaces can cause ... travels from these areas ... in subcutaneous areas ... examination, the most common
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
Secondary (less common ... a stroke that caused ... recovery after breast ... will eventually break ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology