19 results
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... ADH promotes Urea ... water retention 1) ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Workup Step 1 ... Repeat the sodium ... • nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Diagnosis Algorithm ... treat underlying cause ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... +K / serum Na >1 ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
restriction: • Restrict 1 ... volume overload Urea ... promoting passive sodium ... SIADH #Management #hyponatremia ... #nephrology #treatment
Gerstmann Syndrome
1) Finger agnosia - Inability to name their own fingers, affecting both sides
2) Right-left confusion
Gerstmann Syndrome ... 1) Finger agnosia ... Agraphia (without alexia ... patient is still able ... #neurology #diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
1) Is it hypotonic ... the underlying cause ... demyelination syndrome ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
SIADH Treatment Options
1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
Treatment Options 1. ... purposes, restrict to 1 ... promoting passive sodium ... SIADH #Management #hyponatremia ... #nephrology #treatment
Alexia Without Agraphia
Alexia without agraphia is a disconnection syndrome where patients cannot read but can write.
disconnection syndrome ... the most common cause ... Pathophysiology: ... Presentation: 1. ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology