9 results
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... ADH promotes Urea ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... • nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Alexia Without Agraphia
Alexia without agraphia is a disconnection syndrome where patients cannot read but can write.
Alexia Without Agraphia ... syndrome where ... Pathophysiology: ... hemianopsia (often) 2. ... #pathophysiology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... renal mechanism 2) ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Gerstmann Syndrome
1) Finger agnosia - Inability to name their own fingers, affecting both sides
2) Right-left confusion
Gerstmann Syndrome ... affecting both sides 2) ... calculations 4) Agraphia ... (without alexia ... patient is still able
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Epidemiology: • 1-2 ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... /constipation, hyponatremia ... Opthaloplegia • Ataxia ... demyelination features (2)
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
Prevalence: 1-2 ... 20-50, Females 2- ... and pernicious anemia ... Pathophysiology ... others (botox, sodium
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... on the skin • Areas ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... encephalopathy) 2.