8 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... (late) • High Urine ... Cl-: Diuretics, Bartter ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... (late) • High Urine ... Cl-: Diuretics, Bartter ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
excess, Liddle syndrome ... Mg2+ deficiency, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... #differential # ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... • Bartter syndrome ... • Pseudo Bartter-Gitelman ... #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... Emesis, Diuretics, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential ... actively working • Bartter ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... (late) • High Urine ... Cl-: Diuretics, Bartter ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
diuretic use, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... syndrome, Hypomagnesemia ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #