17 results
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
Brudzinski’s Sign ... Brudzinski's sign ... While the pathophysiology ... an involuntary reflex ... #Meningitis #Clinical
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
extrapulmonary cases Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms: ... years - May have signs ... numbness, decreased reflexes ... Pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Chronic Hypertensive ... Pathogenesis and clinical ... diffuse light reflex ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Pathogenesis and clinical ... bladder and rectal reflex ... Syndromes #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Fraction (HFrEF) Clinical ... More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... acute HF → no signs
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... gait, strength, reflexes ... MeralgiaParesthetica #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... differential #diagnosis #signs
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
outlet obstruction, chronic ... immune compromise Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms: ... be present or signs ... Pathophysiology:
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... of UMN and LMN signs ... of UMN and LMN signs ... both UMN and LMN signs ... EMG: LMN Signs in
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
Pathogenesis and clinical ... findings Acute or Chronic ... into contiguous areas ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Diagnosis and Management ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... renal failure Clinical ... anterior/posterior MSK ... #Signs #Symptoms