7 results
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... Measure urine osmolality ... vaptans (HF/liver disease ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
history, exam, and urine ... DI; high dilute urine ... Dehydration: neurologic disease ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Framework and Management ... Dermatomyositis Clinical ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... of underlying disease ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Evaluation of suspected incomplete Kawasaki Disease

1. AHA consensus recommendations
2. Infants ≤6 months old on day ≥7
incomplete Kawasaki Disease ... if they have no clinical ... 15,000/mm3, and urine ... Diagnosis #Peds #Pediatrics ... #Kawasaki #Disease
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm in Cancer
UOsm ≥ 100 mOsm/kg = Urine is inappropriately concentrated for hypotonic
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... 100 mOsm/kg = Urine ... amyloidosis) • Liver disease ... #nephrology #oncology
Alkaptonuria (Black Urine Disease)
Urine turns dark when left standing due to oxidation of homogentisic acid 
Clinical
Alkaptonuria (Black Urine ... Disease) Urine ... homogentisic acid Clinical ... intervertebral discs Management ... BlackUrine #Peds #Pediatrics
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
tubule (DCT) Clinical ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... • Autoimmune disease ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology