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diagnosis differential management causes rhabdomyolysis hypokalemia hyponatremia neurology table acidosis alkalosis chloride classification criticalcare elevation encephalopathy epilepticus gitelman hypernatremia hypotonic
The rationale for aggressive treatment of generalized status epilepticus was described previously here. In short,
for aggressive treatment ... rely upon rapid seizure ... cause aspiration, hyperkalemia ... #Management #Neurology ... #Algorithm #PulmCrit
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... , Gitelman syndrome ... Normal acid-base status ... sodium is typically ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Heat stroke - Metabolic ... exertion/training - Seizures ... Toxins - Drugs - Statins ... Weakness - Dark urine ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... mechanism 2) Volume Status ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... tachycardia • Seizures ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary Trauma: • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury Exertional: •
, Heat stroke, Metabolic ... exertion/training, Seizures ... Drugs (Statins), ... hour with goal urine ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Measure urine osmolality ... demyelination syndrome ... of symptomatic (seizures ... #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by: • Headache • Seizures • Altered mental
Altered mental status ... Blood transfusion, Hypercalcemia ... Drug toxicity, Metabolic ... epilepticus Treatment ... underlying cause • Treatment
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #nephrology
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