15 results
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
- (Neisseria meningitidis ... vomiting • Fatigue Signs ... Cortisol Deficiency: Signs ... Reduced libido • Signs ... #diagnosis #signs
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... out of cells may cause ... renal function/urine ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... pathophysiology #endocrinology
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
adenomas that require treatment ... Signs / Symptoms ... Hyperprolactinemia • Diabetes ... Post-nasal drip • Meningitis ... #SideEffects #endocrinology
Syphilitic gummas in Tertiary syphilis
Tertiary syphilitic gummas may mimic basal cell carcinoma. The gummatous tumors are
treated, in most cases ... Without treatment ... though there are no signs ... or symptoms. ... syphilis #clinical #photo
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Coltivirus Symptoms ... Photophobia • Nausea ... influenzae Symptoms ... Acute meningeal signs ... established by CSF or urine
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL
2. Arterial pH <7.3
3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L
4. At least
have new-onset diabetes ... are Euglycemic Diabetic ... Common, early signs ... their loss in the urine ... Treatment with IV
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
compromise Clinical Signs ... /Symptoms: • Usually ... be present or signs ... present • UA and Urine ... data • Early treatment
Hypertonic Saline for Treatment of Hyponatremic Encephalopathy
1) 100 ml bolus of 3% NaCl over 10 min.
Hypertonic Saline for Treatment ... Symptoms improve ... improved headache and nausea ... L. 5) Monitor urine ... output for signs
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
enzyme 21-OHase causes ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... non-arousable, decr urine ... pathophysiology #genetics #endocrinology
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
cystitis, UTI), diabetes ... filling pushing urine ... SUI or UUI not caused ... Pathophysiology #Signs ... #Symptoms #Urology